Maya Angelou, Martin Luther King and the civil Rights...

How would you feel if you were told you can’t sit in the front of the bus or you can’t dine in a certain restaurants because of the color of your skin? The civil rights movement was a movement that held massive numbers of nonviolent protest against racial segregation and discrimination in America especially the southern states during the 1950’s and 60’s. The struggle of African Americans to gain equal rights in America during this time was a major problem. The civil rights movement was not only about stopping racial segregation amongst African Americans but also to challenge the terrible economic, political, and cultural consequences of that time. But with the help of great leaders and organizations in the civil rights†¦show more content†¦King’s SCLC organization allied with other organizations to protest against racial segregation in Birmingham, Alabama. In the city of Birmingham, there were laws that made it legal for segregation. The m ayor and police commissioner of Birmingham at that time were segregationist who would treat blacks violently. Also, â€Å"the governor of the state George Wallace, won office with promises of segregation forever†. In Birmingham there were several black churches and homes that was bombed, including the homes of SCLC members who campaigned for civil rights. King grew tired of the violent treatment of blacks and he decided to set up headquarters at a motel for him and his organizers to recruit volunteers for protests marches and boycotts through the techniques of nonviolence in Birmingham. The protesting and boycotting began with, marches in the city hall, lunch counter sit ins, stores, etc. and white business owners was losing a significant amount money and some of them decided to desegregate their business and begin hiring blacks. More and more people showed up each day, even though some were placed in jail. The City officials of Birmingham stuck to their segregation laws and acquired a sanction prohibiting the protests and boycotts. King was able to convince his organizers to continue to protest and boycott while violating such sanctions. ThisShow MoreRelatedEssay On Maya Angelou1400 Words   |  6 PagesOctober 2017 America’s Poet The life experiences of the late Maya Angelou —author, poet, actress, singer, dancer, playwright, director, producer — became the key element of her most prominent work, a lyrical poet telling the stories of what it means to be an African American; having a wide range, multi-series autobiographies that lays the foundation of her identity as a American black woman. The acclaimed Maya Angelou’s legacy not only impacted American culture that will resonate withRead MoreMalcolm X And Maya Angelou And A Homemade Education1791 Words   |  8 PagesStates people of color were not given the same rights as white men. 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The quest for equality and civil rights has been a never ending struggle even before the famous 1960’s civil rights movement that was spear headed by Martin Luther King Jr. and many others. Even though Thomas Jefferson wrote the famous words in the Declaration of Independence â€Å"all men are created equal† ( ), we are consistently observing that the fight for human rights and equality still exist today. Although African Americans have experienced andRead MoreEssay On Maya Angelou1879 Words   |  8 PagesMaya Angelou is one of the most important American Authors who ever lived. She was an African-American woman who spoke her mind and when someone told her she couldn’t do something, it made her want to do it even more so that she could prove them wrong (Shapiro). Her life was incredibly difficult, but it made her who she was and influenced her writing and poetry immensely. As Gary Younge once said, â€Å"To know her life story is to simultaneously wonder what on earth you have been doing with yourRead MoreAn Analysis Of Maya Angelou And Alice Walker927 Words   |  4 PagesMaya Angelou and Alice Walker are two well-known contemporary African- American writers. Although both women are from different generations they share some of the same qualities and experiences. Both women used their past experiences of tragedy and hardship as a stepping stool for growth by turning that pain into what now are famous stories and poems. For most writers, majority of their work stem from their own experiences, and for both Alice and Maya a great deal of their works regarded the dilemmasRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement And The American Civil Movement958 Wor ds   |  4 Pages The Civil Rights Movement, also known as the American Civil Rights Movement and other names, is a term that encompasses the strategies, groups, and social movements in the United States whose goals were to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and to secure legal recognition and federal protection of the citizenship rights enumerated in the Constitution and federal law. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968

How the Capacity of the Internet Has Changed the Way Companies Can Do Term Paper

Essays on How the Capacity of the Internet Has Changed the Way Companies Can Do Business Term Paper The paper "How the Capacity of the Internet Has Changed the Way Companies Can Do Business" is a great example of a term paper on e-commerce. The internet has indeed paved new ways through which companies are doing business. The advent of the internet paved the way for different types of e-commerce such as business-to-business, business-to-customers, customers-to-customers and business-to-employees. B2B is largely used by companies such as Alibaba Group while B2C e-commerce is used largely by companies such as LL. Bean. Online business transactions have increased the revenue generation in many companies worldwide. The geographical location of businesses is no longer a matter of concern to many companies because communication has been enhanced by the internet regardless of the location of businesses globally. Sales from the B2B transactions are also generated through the provision of specialized service or product that is completely unavailable in the market.2.0 IntroductionThe interne t has transformed the manner in which companies do business. This has been necessitated by the extent of information companies are able to access and send as well as the exchange of business ideas over the internet (Rowley, 2008). The speed with which procurement, selling, marketing, and many other business activities are undertaken has increased drastically as a result of the advent of the internet. The geographical location of businesses is no longer a matter of concern to many companies because communication has been enhanced by the inert regardless of the location of businesses globally.Online business transactions have increased the revenue generation in many companies worldwide. The internet has made it possible for B2B, B2C, B2G, C2C, and B2E transactions to thrive because the internet has simplified how such transactions are carried out (Rowley, 2008). For example, a B2B transaction that involves large volumes of transactions and numerous exchanges of documents is made possi ble by the internet because large volumes of data are exchanged within a very short time.The transactions and business deals are sealed over the internet thus eliminating the hurdles encountered in manual business transactions such as delays in relaying documents and sometimes the loss of business documents (Rowley, 2008). The internet has also increased the competitive advantage of businesses by ensuring that products are delivered in time to the retailers and consumers because companies are able to get on-time information regarding the situation of demand on the ground before the company's stocks run out.The focus of this report is to explore how the capacity of the internet has changed the way companies can do business. In this regard, the specific purpose is to define and briefly discuss each type of B2B, B2C, C2C and B2E websites where the main goals of these websites and the principal elements included in these websites will be discussed.

Statutory Obligations - Requirements and Constraints in Ethics

Question: Discuss about the Statutory Obligations, Requirements and Constraints in Ethics? Answer: Introduction Over the past few years, there has been development and expansion in the quality and range of family and child services in Australia. it is important to adopt a child centered and family focused approach when providing support to a child who has experienced issues of abuse and neglect. In order to build family resources and necessary kinship connections, it is imperative to focus on the immediate family, and actively involve the parents, the extended family and the support system (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2010). Section 5A of the Child Protection Act 1999 of the Australian law recognizes the importance of adopting a child centered approach by asserting that the best interests, well being and safety of a child should be considered paramount in any intervention (Queensland 2016). Consequently, family and child services comprise a blend of proven, established and innovative practices and interventions. The purpose of this paper is to is to develop a multilayered intervention plan for providing mental health and psychosocial support for a child struggling with abuse and neglect issues. Zoe is a young girl living with her mother, and little brother raised by a drunk and abusive father. The father was arrested for domestic violence and abuse, while Zoe ends up in foster care due to ensuing mental issues. This aims to develop a multi-layered plan to provide psychosocial support and reunite Zoe, her little brother and mother to live in safety. The figure below provides the proposed multi-layered intervention plan. A care package does not provide clear and specific interventions that need to be to be provided, instead it focuses on prioritizing the transfer of clients among the various components that represent the care continuum ( Belfer et al. 2007). In his conceptual framework, Hardiker, Exton and Barker (1991) offer an illustration of the provision of services at the different levels based on the health, developmental and challenges experienced by the client. The base level constitutes the universal services available to all children and families in Australia. It is imperative to note that child neglect and abuse cannot be separated from issues such as homelessness, poverty, drug and alcohol addiction, social isolation, mental health issues, and domestic violence (Commonwealth of Australia 2008). It follows that the provision of universal services, at the basic level, comprising policy framework to ensure poverty reduction, peace and security, good quality housing, income support, childcare , access to education and health, and other services play a critical preventative role concerning issues of child abuse and neglect (Commonwealth of Australia 2008). In normal circumstances, the provision of general universal services and the efforts from the family are adequate to meet the needs of the family, implying that there is no need for additional targeted interventions (Hardiker, Exton and Barker 1991). Nevertheless, in the case of Zoe, there is a clear violation of the basic universal services as the child is denied of her right to the services identified above. Moreover, the family unit is completely in dysfunctional due to the abusive father and non-protective mother. There is a clear lack of family effort to support Zoe and her young brother to feel safe and secure at the family level. In such circumstances, level 1 interventions comprising targeted social services are necessary. These services target the general population, or the entire target group and/ or community with the intension of aiding them to prevent the development of psychosocial problems. It is presumed that some parents need additional help and assistance above their own resources and the provisions of the universal services. The level 1 services are designed to provide care to the entire community, including promoting community resilience, establishing adaptive adjustments, community mobilization and community psychosocial education. Level 2 interventions are targeted to address early risks when they are detected or when they become obvious. These interventions comprise services that target children, families or sub-groups with identified risks to address emerging mild problems or prevent the development of mental health problems. The intervention is designed to prevent arising temporary crisis or address early difficulties to stop them from getting worse. Interventions are focused to prevent or reduce any emerging psychosocial distress and the approaches include placements, and task-centered methods. Second level support may vary from counseling , to parental support and classroom based psychosocial support for school going children. Level 3 interventions are targeted to address established difficulties or serious risks among clients. They target the treatment of children or target subgroups demonstrating severe challenges or extreme mental health issues. This level of intervention targets and addresses serious psychosocial stresses, including family breakdown, risk of significant harm and might include significant forced entry into a care system. The aim of level 3 interventions is to reduce any form of severe psychological distress, high risk behaviors, and significantly lower suicidal risks among children and family members. Moreover, level three interventions seek to address identified difficulties, establish links between children and family, facilitate parenting skills and restore family functioning. The goal is to achieve a reunion of the children with the family and foster independent living. Child Development and related Attachment Theories My plan is going to be influenced by theories surrounding child development and attachment issues. My understanding of child development is critical in assisting me to offer the most relevant and appropriate care to Zoe, her brother and mother. The theoretical background and framework will enable me to determine whether Zoe is proceeding as expected or not. Maslow (1968) highlighted the needs that every child has, including psychological, physiological, egotistical, and social and security, among others. Moreover, Pringle (2013) lists a number of needs that children require to be met in order to achieve satisfactory development including responsibility, security, new experiences, love, recognition and praise. The attachment theory argues that there is an interdependent link between the children care seeking behavior and the parent care provision (Bowlby 1969). A child who is seeking care expects that the adult parent would be available to provide the requisite comfort and protection that reduce sense of fear and satisfactorily meets their needs. It follows that the child will be attached to the caregiver, be it a parent or social worker that provides adequate care that meets their needs. In the case of Zoe, she feels insecure and unsafe. She is alone and has developed emotional trauma, especially when the memories of violence and abuse keeps coming back to haunt her. It would take serious care to win her trust, make her feel comfortable, safe and secure. According to the attachment theory, failure to meet Zoes care seeking goals implies that her behavior will become intense and this will ultimately weaken her attachment. It is important to focus on providing secure early relationships with Zoe, to secure good behavioral, cognitive and emotional outcomes. According to Seden (2002), there is need for early intervention targeted towards supporting primary caregivers, in this case Zoes mother, who has difficulties in establishing sensitive attachments because they have a long-term impact on the development of the child. Involve the child through establishment of resilience groups (level 1) I intend to involve Zoe in the plan through establishment of a child resilient group to offer her the required psychosocial support. Resilience is a concept that refers to the ability of a child or person to achieve recovery from a past challenging or traumatic event. According to Masten (2001), resilience relates to attaining good outcomes regardless of serious developmental or adaptation threats. In Australia, there has been a shift in focus of the psychosocial support programs from treating emerging symptoms to addressing and promoting resilience among children (Flynn, Dudding and Barber, 2006). Researchers have identified factors that contribute to the development of resilience among children, including competent parenting, positive peer relations, close social support, group activities and a high sense of self-worth (Tol et al., 2009). Seden (2002) observe that problem solving ability, pro-social relationships with adults and developing mental capacity to make sense of the abuse and neglect are critical to attainment of resilience. In the case of Zoe, she has to develop resilience from a childhood of domestic violence and abuse from her father. It is possible to build resilience by careful planning and supporting Zoe to go through the life changes and establish protective processes to prevent further neglect and abuse (Rutter, 1993). My role as a social worker would be to support Zoe in developing strategies to address the various risk factors in her life, while establishing protective factors to strengthen her resilience (Gilligan, 2001). Moreover, my plan in to establish semi-structured group activities involving Zoe to encourage social support, engage her in recreation with the aim of attaining normalization through peer discussion and group activities. Zoe would engage in weekly semi-structured group activities for 5 weeks with focus being to reduce stigmatization, attain peer support and foster participation. Involving the family through providing parental support (level 2) My plan is to promote and foster parental support in ensuring holistic psychosocial support for Zoe through involving and engaging her family. Interventions that target families, especially parents are critical in establishing strong psychosocial wellbeing of children. This is because the quality and nature of family experiences play an important role in shaping a childs ability to cope while growing up, and influences the quality of their mental health, parenting and relationships in future (Gilligan 1991). According to Wallen and Rubin (1997) family plays a critical role in mediating the potential negative effects of domestic violence, abuse and neglect through parental availability, physical protection and safety, support through communication and emotional sensitivity, and role models for promoting positive coping mechanism through control, safety and regulation of emotions. According to Guralnick (1997), a number of features are important to the child-parent relationship, includ ing the quality of the interaction, the range, appropriateness and diversity of experiences and promotion of childs safety and health. It is important to take care of the needs and context of the family system because strategies that do not engage the parents and children are not effective (McKeown, 2001). My plan entails reunifying Zoe with her younger brother and mother for them to live happily and safely. As indicated in the multi-layered care plan highlighted in the figure above, my focus for level 2 would be provision of family oriented counseling. The focus would be on scheduled home visits with the aim of building the capacity of Zoes mother to offer her the relevant support she needs. Zoe needs more focused care for effective reunion with her mother and brother, hence the need to integrate her family in the counseling process. I will provide a range of family support measures including provision of psycho-education sessions for her mother to increase her awareness and identification of the problem, provision of relevant support required by Zoe, and linking to available social services and support systems. I will also hold individual counseling sessions for Zoes mother to increase her wellbeing, given that she was also a victim of domestic violence, and increase her capacity to perform her caretaking duties. Research evidence indicates that involving parents in the child counseling process has positive outcomes for children and the various training interventions for parents have been found to be very effective (Diamond and Josephson, 2005). It is important to engage with Zoes mother and train her on the importance of getting involved in promoting the wellbeing of her daughter, providing quality care and transforming the behaviors and feelings of her daughter. Using the Ecological Approach to involve the community The Bronfenbrenner (1997) ecological model of child development provides a framework for understanding the critical factors existing in the childs environment and their interrelations. Bronfenbrenner (1997) hypothesizeda number of individual level, contextual, family and macro system risk factors that exposed children to abuse and neglect. The factors were mutually embedded and interrelated, and they often contributed in one way or another to child abuse and neglect (National Research Council, 2014). Contextual factors relate to the broad social system, including the neighborhood, poverty and employment that influence the functioning of the family. Poverty at household and family level arising from poor housing, unemployment, low income and single parenting often led to dysfunctional families, with high level of domestic violence, child abuse and neglect. Macro-system risk factors relate to the cultural and social fabric that contribute, perpetuate and maintain issues of domestic vio lence, abuse and neglect among children (National Research Council, 2014). A history of alcohol and substance abuse also contributes significantly to perpetuation, recurrence and continuation of domestic violence, child abuse and neglect. Parents with substance abuse problem were likely to engage in domestic violence and inflict physical and psychological abuse to their children and other family members. At the community level, a poor environment has significant social, environment and poor family conditions, which sustain the cycle of abuse and neglect for children (National Research Council, 2014). Lastly, individual characteristics that include inability to handle stress, mental health problems and social isolation all contribute to the creation and sustenance of the risks of child abuse and neglect. The ecological perspective offers some insights into the effects of negative family environments and the potential impact on the child. Studying these environmental factors will provide me understanding of the factors shaping Zoes mental health outcomes and guide me in implementing the multi-layered plan established above. The ecological factors have the potential of escalating the health outcomes and rendering any strategies developed ineffective. I intend to use the information gathered on the ecological factors to design effective strategies for engaging Zoes family, community and surrounding support systems to provide the requisite help she needs to be properly integrated in the community. Statutory obligations, requirements and constraints in ethics In most instances, the ethical standards in social work are always in line with the legal standards. Nevertheless, in some cases there is a conflict especially when the child in concerned. A social worker is expected to report any arising issues that may be considered critical when dealing with children under distress. Yet, the ethical principles require the social worker to maintain confidentiality, and only use the client information for the intended purpose. As a social worker, I will be forced to consider legal guidelines regarding disclosure of confidential information without the client consent. Other issues that may raise conflict is when Zoes parents request to get information and details concerning our social service sessions. Balancing Zoes right to privacy and her parents right to access information about the counseling session may also arise. Through open communication and adherence to the ethical and legal frameworks, my plan will address all issues case by case and ensu re that the best interest of Zoe taken front view. References Belfer, M.L., Remschmidt, H., Nurcombe, B., Okasha, A. and Sartorius, N., 2007. A global programme for child and adolescent mental health: a challenge in the new millennium.The mental health of children and adolescents: An area of global neglect, Edited by: Remschmidt H, Nurcombe B, Belfer M, Sartorius N, Okasha A. 2007, West Sussex: John Wiley Sons, pp.1-11 Bowlby, J., 1969.Attachment and Loss: Attachment; John Bowlby. Basic Books. Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2011. Family Engagement. [Online]. Available: https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/f_fam_engagement Commonwealth of Australia, 2008. Australias Children: Safe and Well. A national framework for protecting Australias Children. Australian Government, Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs. [Online]. Available: https://www.dss.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/childprotectiondiscussionpaper.pdf . Accessed 2 May 2017. Diamond, G. and Josephson, A., 2005. Family-based treatment research: A 10-year update.Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry,44(9), pp.872-887. Flynn, R.J., Dudding, P.M. and Barber, J.G., 2006.Promoting resilience in child welfare. University of Ottawa Press. Gilligan, R., 1991. Family support and child welfare: Realising the promise of the Child Care Act 1991.On behalf of the child: Child welfare, child protection and the Child Care Act, pp.60-83. Gilligan, R., 2001.Promoting resilience: A resource guide on working with children in the care system. London. Guralnick, M.J. ed., 1997. The Effectiveness of Early Intervention. Baltimore: P.H. Brooks. Hardiker, P., Exton, K. and Barker, M., 1991.Policies and practices in preventive child care. Avebury Maslow, A.H., 1968. Towards a Psychology of Being. Second Edition. New York: Van Nostrad Masten, A.S., 2001. Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development.American psychologist,56(3), p.227-238 McKeown, K., 2001. Fathers and Families: Research and Reflection on Key Questions, A Springboard Publication, Department of Health and Children, Dublin: Stationery Office National Research Council, 2014.New directions in child abuse and neglect research. National Academies Press. Pringle, M.K., 2013.The needs of children. Routledge Queensland, 2016. Child Protection Act 1999. [Online]. Available:https://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/C/ChildProtectA99.pdf Reinhold. Rutter, M., 1993. Resilience: Some conceptual considerations.Journal of adolescent health,14(8), pp.626-631. Seden, J., 2002. Underpinning Theories for the Assessment of Childrens Needs in Ward, Harriet Rose, Wendy (eds.) Approaches to Needs Assessment in Childrens Services, Jessica Kingsley Tol, W.A., Jordans, M.D., Reis, R. and de Jong, J., 2009. Ecological resilience: working with child-related psychosocial resources in war-affected communities. Wallen, J. and Rubin, R.H., 1997. The role of the family in mediating the effects of community violence on children.Aggression and Violent Behavior,2(1), pp.33-41.

Marathon Running free essay sample

These were a few of the signs I saw as I competed in the Top Of Utah marathon two weeks ago. â€Å"How much further do I have to go? †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ Will I still have toenails when I finish? † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ How old was that lady that just passed me? † These were the thoughts that ran through my head that morning. It might be hard to convince people hoping to loose a few pounds or get in shape to run a few miles, but very few are willing to entertain the thought of running 26 miles and competing in a marathon. Running is both a simple and complex sport. Runners come in all shapes and sizes. I have seen 300-pound men and women at the start of a race and in contrast the chiseled muscles of the elite runners. The reasons for running are as various as the runners themselves. Some run for weight lose, mental or physical health, competition, and charity. We will write a custom essay sample on Marathon Running or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are many physical health benefits for running; â€Å"Human bodies burn about 2,000-2,500 calories a day in normal activities. Running 5 miles a day can burn an additional 500 calories. † If this same formula holds true, a person completing a marathon will have burnt close to 2,600 calories. However, how fast a person doesn’t correspond with how much weight they may loose while running. â€Å"For example, a 220-pound person running an eight-minute mile burns 150 calories, while a 120-pound person running at the same pace burns only 82. Every person’s body requires an excess of 3,500 calories in order to gain a pound or a deficit of 3,500 calories in order to lose a pound. Thus, 180-pound person who runs 5 miles each day will lose about 5 pounds a month. However, as his or her weight goes down, he or she will burn fewer calories per mile† according to a study conducted at Vanderbilt University. According to Runner’s World editor Hal Higgdon. â€Å"Running can also have many psychological benefits. Most significantly runners typically report being happier and feeling less stressed than their counterparts who do not run or exercise regularly. Running actually has the ability to alter an individuals moods because hormones called endorphins are released while running. These hormones create a sense of euphoria often referred to as a runner’s high and can result in an improvement in the runner’s mood. † With these endorphins being released into the runner’s body, running can be very addictive. A man or woman can feel like they’ve been turned into Michael Jordan and anything, even running 26 miles, is possible. Running a marathon and the distances to train are also almost spiritual. When I run I am able to solve my companies, personal, families, and the whole worlds problems. I have come up with some of the most life altering and affirming choices in the sunrise of an 8-mile run. Running is also a great stress reliever while running I am able to focus on the road and the miles as they build. I am able to forget about the office, family, or other concerns. There are 26. reasons why a marathon is hard. To put this distance in perspective if you were to drive your car at 60 mph it would take a half an hour to drive that distance. But while running the marathon there is no downtime. You’re the machine, says physical therapist Jim Wharton of New York-based Wharton Performance, which trains world-class athletes. The debate about the difficulty of the marathon, doesn t center just on the physical aspects. Motivation, confidence and mental toughness are necessary, says Stephen Russo, director of sports psychology at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health System. Running is painful; it’s tedious, and exhausting. After a few miles our bodies scream for us to stop and rest. When the body screams stop that is when the mind takes over and you keep running. Through my experiences in running and race competitions I can say a marathon is not something that can be described it is something must be experienced. In a marathon the participant will be competing against hundreds and in larger races thousands of other hopefuls. In many marathons time restrictions are placed on which the marathon will end. -8 hours after the marathon has began, barricades will be removed and the race rout will be dismantled. If a runner is unable to finish in the allotted time the race officials may take them to the finish line and will not allowed to finish. However during those 6-8 hours a runner can run, jog, or walk any distance they want. When Khalid Khannouchi won the London Marathon last year, he didnt do any walking: He set a world record of 2 hours, 5 minutes and 38 seconds. For elite athletes like Khannouchi distance running is a way of life. Marathoners seem either to be training or getting ready for the next workout. You wake up every morning and you know what you have to do. You have long mileage to accumulate. Sometimes youre already tired from your last two or three workouts. You still have to wake up, have the motivation and go outside and do the training. † Khannouchi said. For me running is not simply about the weight loss or the constant inquires of family, friends, and co-workers who ask, â€Å"How many mile(s) did you run today? † When I run I am only accountable to my trusty stopwatch and myself. The marathon is my Everest. I will be back. Standing there with hundreds of other runners in tank tops and short on a cold fall morning, waiting for the starter pistol. I dont run for the medal or the crowd I run for me. I run despite the 9 times out of 10 it will hurt, but I keep going. I run for that one time that it doesn’t and I am able to finish my run and look down at my stop watch and be excited about a new personal best time, if only a few seconds. I run because I know it will hurt but I keep going and I won’t give into the pain. I am an athlete. I am runner.

How to Sell Trees for Timber

How to Sell Trees for Timber Can you sell your tree for lumber and make a profit? Lumber from trees such as red or white oak, black walnut, paulownia, and black cherry is quite expensive, and the tree in your yard may contain an impressive quantity of wood. While it is possible to sell one (or several) trees for lumber, research and effort are required to get a good price from a reputable buyer. Before making the move, think through the pros and cons. Do You Really Want to Remove Your Tree? Before seeking a buyer for your tree, be sure you know why youre removing a valuable hardwood tree from your yard. Are its roots damaging your foundation? Is the foliage overwhelming your home? Or are you just eager to have a bit more lawn? If theres no solid reason to remove the tree, its value may be greater in your yard than at a sawmill. A large hardwood tree provides shade, which cools your home and lowers air conditioning costs. It also improves air quality, controls water runoff, and raises your property value. In addition, your tree may provide homes to songbirds and other native animals. How to Sell a Single Tree It is generally much easier to sell trees as part of a woodlot harvest, where many trees are sold and harvested at the same time. To cut down your tree, a timber buyer must bring in laborers, a log truck, skidder, loader, and other equipment. He must then cut the logs and haul them to the mill to sell. After expenses, its unlikely that hell make any money from cutting a single tree unless its extraordinarily valuable. If youre determined to sell your tree, your best option might be to look for an operator who owns a small, portable sawmill. Small operators have less overhead, and they make their money finding single living or dead high-value trees, then sawing the lumber to specifications that are attractive to woodworkers and turners.   Tips for Selling Multiple Trees Although its easier to sell timber from multiple trees because the profit margin is so much greater for the forester, there are pitfalls even if youre selling quite a bit of wood. One botched sale can cost you much of the value of decades-old timber and can negatively influence future harvests. Here are suggestions for selling multiple trees: 1. Find a Professional Forestry Partner Selling timber requires expert advice. Studies show that timber sellers using a professional forester get up to 50 percent more per sale. A forester who sells trees for a living and practices within your sale area will be your best partner; he will know timber product grades and values and be familiar with local timber buyers and the general market. Private foresters usually offer their services for a fee. Timber owners often find this expense more than offset by the higher selling price received for their timber. Find a  forester  and listen to him as you would to a doctor or lawyer. You and the forester will ultimately have to determine which trees should be cut and how they should be harvested. Your partner will also help you to estimate your trees  volumes  and value. To find a professional forester, according to the U.S. Forest Service: contact your service or County Agricultural Extension or Forestry Extension agent. Service forestry personnel are often located within the state Department of Natural Resources, Division of Forestry, or Forestry Commission. Extension Forestry personnel are typically located at your local Land-Grant university in the Forestry Department. Alternatively, you can visit the website of the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, which contains links to every states free services, often including forestry assistance by professional foresters. 2. Understand the Value of Your Timber As a timber grower, you should know something about the quality and value of the timber you are selling. Remember that each tree has unique marketable characteristics and associated volume. Your forester partner will  inventory  the timber for these characteristics and provide an estimate of volumes (along with estimated value) available for harvest. This report can then be used to estimate a fair price you can expect for your sale. From the inventory, you can expect to know: The type of timber forest products youre growing: Different prices are paid for different timber products.The timber species you have for sale: Some species command higher prices than others due to high demand, low supply, or special qualities.The quality of your timber: Quality affects timber values as it does any other product.The volume of timber you can sell: Logging requires heavy equipment and employees, so larger volumes of timber translate to higher profit margins.The distance from the closest market: Transportation of forest products is expensive. Local mills should be able to pay higher prices for your products than more distant mills.The size of your trees: Generally, larger trees bring the best prices. Large saw logs and poles are worth more than small ones. 3. Identify Prospective Timber Buyers and Send Timber Prospectuses You should now identify prospective buyers. Your forester partner most likely will have a list that he works from. You might also want to prepare a list of buyers in the county of sale as well as in surrounding counties. Call your state foresters office or state forestry association for a list of buyers.   Mail a prospectus and bid invitation to each buyer within your procurement region. A sealed bid system should be used and generally results in the highest selling price.  A bid prospectus should be simple but informative and include: Date, time, and location of the bid openingTerms of paymentTimber product, species, and volume summaryLocation mapBid formInformation about the deposit/performance bondStatement of sellers rights to reject bidsNotice of a show-me tour of sale area The potential buyer will probably insist on examining the timber for sale before making an offer. A tour or show-me meeting on the timber site allows all interested buyers to check the volume and quality of the timber and to estimate their logging costs. They should also be allowed to inspect and keep a copy of the contract or agreement you attach to the sale. 4. Understand Your Timber Contract After all bids are received, you and your forester partner should notify the highest acceptable bidder and arrange to execute a written  timber contract. Any deposit or performance bond agreed upon should be collected. Copies of the contract should be prepared for buyer and seller. Regardless of the size of the timber sale, a written contract prevents misunderstanding and protects the buyer and seller. The contract should contain, at a minimum: A description of the timber saleThe selling priceTerms of paymentWhich timber will and wont be cutTime allowed to cut and remove timberA requirement for adherence to all forestry Best Management Practices Special provisions may include cutting extensions; the location of log landings, roads, and skid trails; conditions under which logging wont be permitted; protection of residual timber and other property; a procedure for settling disputes; responsibility for wildfire suppression; disposal of litter; subcontracting of parts of the work; erosion and water quality control measures; and contractor liability exclusions. An easy way for a  do-it-yourselfer  to quickly get into trouble is selling timber using lump sum value with only a handshake and without a tree inventory. Dont sell lump sum without a timber inventory, a contract, and a down payment. Another way to get into big trouble is selling your timber on a pay-as-cut basis while letting the buyer grade and measure logs without you or a representative inspecting his work. Pay-as-cut allows the buyer to pay you by the log load, so you or your forester partner will need to verify the amount of timber in each load. To make sure terms of the timber sale contract are being met, either you or your agent should inspect the operation several times during the harvest and upon completion. 5. Time Your Sale Wisely Timing is important in getting the best price for wood. The best time to sell, obviously, is when  demand for timber is up and prices are at a peak. This is easier said than done, but you should be aware of current stumpage prices and market conditions in your area. Your forester partner can help you to time your sale correctly. With the exception of a specific disaster (from pests, weather, or fire), you shouldnt be rushed into a sale. Trees, unlike other farm products, can be stored on the stump during poor markets. One constant that history always confirms is that timber values eventually go up. 6. Protect Your Land After the Harvest Is Complete Steps should be taken immediately after harvest to protect the land from erosion and to ensure the productivity of this future forest. Roads, skid trails, and logging decks should be secured and reshaped if necessary. Bare areas should be seeded with grass to prevent erosion and provide food for wildlife.

Overview of the Peoples Crusade

Overview of the People's Crusade A popular movement of crusaders, mostly commoners but also including individuals from all levels of society, who did not wait for the official leaders of the expedition but took off for the Holy Land early, unprepared and inexperienced. The Peoples Crusade was also known as: The Peasants Crusade, The Popular Crusade, or The Crusade of the Poor People. The Peoples Crusade has also been termed the first wave of crusaders by noted Crusades scholar Jonathan Riley-Smith, who has pointed out the difficulty of distinguishing separate crusade expeditions among the almost ceaseless stream of pilgrims from Europe to Jerusalem. How the Peoples Crusade got started: In November 1095, Pope Urban II made a speech at the Council of Clermont calling for Christian warriors to go to Jerusalem and free it from the rule of Muslim Turks. Urban no doubt envisioned an organized military campaign led by those whose entire social class had been built around military prowess: the nobility. He set the official date of departure for mid-August of the following year, knowing the time it would take for funds to be raised, supplies to be procured and armies to be organized. Shortly after the speech, a monk known as Peter the Hermit also began to preach Crusade. Charismatic and passionate, Peter (and probably several others like him, whose names are lost to us) appealed not just to a select portion of travel-ready combatants but to all Christians men, women, children, the elderly, nobles, commoners even serfs. His enthralling sermons fired the religious zeal in his listeners, and many people not only resolved to go on Crusade but to go right then and there, some even following Peter himself. The fact that they had little food, less money, and no military experience did not deter them in the least; they believed they were on a holy mission, and that God would provide. Armies of the Peoples Crusade: For some time, the participants in the Peoples Crusade were regarded as nothing more than peasants. While it is true many of them were commoners of one variety or another, there were also noblemen among their ranks, and the individual bands that formed were usually led by trained, experienced knights. For the most part, to call these bands armies would be a gross overstatement; in many cases, the groups were simply a collection of pilgrims traveling together. Most were on foot and armed with crude weapons, and discipline was almost nonexistent. However, some of the leaders were able to exercise more control over their followers, and a crude weapon can still inflict serious damage; so scholars continue to refer to some of these groups as armies. The Peoples Crusade moves through Europe: In March 1096, bands of pilgrims began to journey eastward through France and Germany on their way to the Holy Land. Most of them followed an ancient road of pilgrimage that ran along the Danube and into Hungary, then south into the Byzantine Empire and its capital, Constantinople. There they expected to cross the Bosphorus to territory controlled by the Turks in Asia Minor. The first to leave France was Walter Sans Avoir, who commanded a retinue of eight knights and a large company of infantry. They proceeded with surprisingly little incident along the old pilgrim route, only encountering any real trouble in Belgrade when their foraging got out of hand. Their early arrival at Constantinople in July took the Byzantine leaders by surprise; they had not had time to prepare proper lodging and supplies for their western visitors. More bands of crusaders coalesced around Peter the Hermit, who followed not far behind Walter and his men. Greater in number and less disciplined, Peters followers encountered more trouble in the Balkans. At Zemun, the last town in Hungary before reaching the Byzantine border, a riot broke out and many Hungarians were killed. The crusaders wanted to escape punishment by crossing the Sava River into Byzantium, and when Byzantine forces tried to stop them, violence ensued. When Peters followers got to Belgrade they found it deserted, and they probably sacked it in their ongoing quest for food. At nearby Nish, the governor allowed them to exchange hostages for supplies, and the town almost escaped without damage until some Germans set fire to mills as the company was leaving. The governor sent troops to attack the retreating crusaders, and although Peter ordered them not to, many of his followers turned to face the attackers and were cut down. Eventually, they reached Constantinople without further incident, but the Peoples Crusade had lost many participants and funds, and they had inflicted serious damage on the lands between their homes and Byzantium. Many other bands of pilgrims followed after Peter, but none made it to the Holy Land. Some of them faltered and turned back; others were sidetracked in some of the most horrific pogroms in medieval European history. The Peoples Crusade and the First Holocaust: The speeches of Pope Urban, Peter the Hermit, and others of his ilk had stirred up more than a pious yearning to see the Holy Land. Urbans appeal to the warrior elite had painted Muslims as enemies of Christ, subhuman, loathsome, and in need of vanquishing. Peters speeches were even more incendiary. From this malevolent viewpoint, it was a small step to see Jews in the same light. It was, sadly, an all-too-common belief that Jews had not only killed Jesus but that they continued to pose a threat to good Christians. Added to this was the fact that some Jews were notably prosperous, and they made the perfect target for greedy lords, who used their followers to massacre entire Jewish communities and plunder them for their wealth. The violence that was perpetrated against European Jews in the spring of 1096 is a significant turning point in Christian and Jewish relations. The horrific events, which resulted in the deaths of thousands of Jews, have even been called the First Holocaust. From May to July, pogroms occurred at Speyer, Worms, Mainz, and Cologne. In some cases, the bishop of the town or local Christians, or both, sheltered their neighbors. This was successful at Speyer but proved futile in other Rhineland towns. The attackers sometimes demanded that the Jews convert to Christianity on the spot or lose their lives; not only did they refuse to convert, but some even killed their children and themselves rather than die at the hands of their tormentors. The most notorious of the anti-Jewish crusaders was Count Emicho of Leiningen, who was definitely responsible for the attacks on Mainz and Cologne and may have had a hand in the earlier massacres. After the bloodshed along the Rhine was over, Emicho led his forces onward to Hungary. His reputation preceded him, and the Hungarians would not let him pass. After a three-week siege, Emichos forces were crushed, and he went home in disgrace. The pogroms were decried by many Christians of the day. Some even pointed to these crimes as the reason God forsook their fellow crusaders at Nicaea and Civetot. The end of the Peoples Crusade: By the time Peter the Hermit arrived in Constantinople, Walter Sans Avoirs army had been restlessly waiting there for weeks. Emperor Alexius convinced Peter and Walter that they should wait in Constantinople until the main body of Crusaders, who were massing in Europe under powerful noble commanders, arrived. But their followers were not happy with the decision. Theyd undergone a long journey and many trials to get there, and they were eager for action and glory. Furthermore, there still wasnt enough food and supplies for everyone, and foraging and theft were rampant. So, less than a week after Peters arrival, Alexius ferried the Peoples Crusade across the Bosporus and into Asia Minor. Now the crusaders were in a truly hostile territory where there was little food or water to be found anywhere, and they had no plan for how to proceed. They quickly began squabbling amongst themselves. Eventually, Peter returned to Constantinople to elicit help from Alexius, and the Peoples Crusade broke into two groups: one primarily made up of Germans with a few Italians, the other of Frenchmen. Toward the end of September, the French crusaders managed to loot a suburb of Nicaea. The Germans decided to do the same. Unfortunately, Turkish forces expected another attack and surrounded the German crusaders, who managed to take refuge in the fortress at Xerigordon. After eight days, the Crusaders surrendered. Those who did not convert to Islam were killed on the spot; those who did convert were enslaved and sent eastward, never to be heard from again. The Turks then sent a forged message to the French crusaders, telling of great riches the Germans had acquired. In spite of warnings from wiser men, the Frenchmen took the bait. They rushed onward, only to be ambushed at Civetot, where every last crusader was slaughtered. The Peoples Crusade was over. Peter considered returning home but instead remained in Constantinople until the main body of the more organized crusading forces arrived. The text of this document is copyright  ©2011-2015 Melissa Snell. You may download or print this document for personal or school use, as long as the URL below is included. Permission is  not granted to reproduce this document on another website.

Timothy Mc Veigh ( terrorist) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Timothy Mc Veigh ( terrorist) - Research Paper Example The involvement of an American left the whole nation in a shock as most of the terrorist attacks in United States were carried out by a foreign agency. Timothy McVeigh used to be in United States army but got against the state due to certain incidents that took place in the history of the US. This essay would revolve around the life of Timothy McVeigh and his aims in life with regard to success and failure that he could achieve in life (Michel & Herbeck 2001). Timothy McVeigh was born in Pendleton New York in the year of 1968. He had two siblings and was the only boy in his family. He grew up in a rural community near Buffalo, Niagara and Canada and had a very disturbed life from an early age. His father was a worker in the General Motors manufacturing plant and his mother used to be a homemaker. His life seemed in turmoil at a very early age when his parents divorced each other when he was ten years old (CNN News 2001). His childhood was the most disturbing of all as it saw different types of events happening all over his life. His parents were not always around him and he felt their need as was quoted by one of his best friend’s mother "I just felt for him," she said. "His mother wasnt around. The father worked nights. The kids were alone. But he never showed any troubled side to me. He never seemed to be affected by it. He was always smiling, always polite.† But his problem was not limited as it was also noticed by boys li ving in the neighborhood. According to them McVeigh had a different life than any of the boy living in the area as he did not seem to enjoy the slightest moments of life, such as the birthday parties. Tim had a business mind from a very early age and was innovative in his careers. Tim was that sort of a person who liked people all around him and so he built himself a haunted house in his basement where he used to call upon his friends. Timothy McVeigh held his own weekend casino

Lady Gaga Telephone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Lady Gaga Telephone - Essay Example The song, without the video, sounds like a simple scenario where the girl isn’t picking up a phone call while she is at the club, but the music video shows a hidden, deeper meaning. In 2011, the song was nominated for the Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the Grammy’s. It became one of the best-selling singles of Gaga in 2010 after 7.4 million copies were sold. It was also nominated as the Video of the Year at the 2010 MTV Music Video Awards. Thus, the song has a deeper, hidden meaning which is not understandable by the masses because it is meant to be ‘hidden’. The telephone is actually used as a metaphor to describe Gaga’s brain, and she is not answering the phone means she is disconnected from the reality. Lady Gaga is an American singer, record producer, songwriter along with being a fashion designer and businesswoman. She had initially started working as a songwriter when hired by Vincent Herbert for the label Interscope Records. Her vocal abilities were soon recognized by Akon, a recording artist, who signed her for his own label. Her debut album was The Fame after which she rose to prominence in 2008. The album was a commercial and critical success with some of the best international numbers such as Poker Face and Just Dance. Then she released The Fame Monster in 2009 which was an extended play that produced some of the biggest hits including Telephone and Bad Romance. Gaga has widely recognized for her songs and more importantly her music videos. Her videos always have a deep meaning which is not noticeable from the lyrics of the song. She always adds a deeper meaning to the lyrics through her videos and her videos provide great insight into the reality and cruelty of the world. In the video of Telephone also she has succeeded in providing a deep meaning which can’t be understood by the masses because they are meant to be understood by the elites only (Marshall 148).

Introduction to Terrorism Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Terrorism Essay The paper would analyze the definitions for terrorism proposed by some authors deeply along with criticizing them and proposing a global definition of terrorism. Secondly, â€Å"the concept of ‘just war theory’ would also be evaluated by highlighting its limitations. And finally, just war theory concept would be applied on the recent military action in Afghanistan, whether it fits the scenario or not. Answer -1 There are hundreds of definitions of terrorism defined by many authors, journalists, and politicians. But the problem is that the idea or concept of what terrorism actually is, is vague and not perceived globally as a single concept. The definition proposed by Lawless revolves around three key words; violence political purpose, and non-state actor. It goes this way, â€Å"the unlawful threat or act of violence committed for a political purpose by a non-state actor† (Lawless, 2007). This definition seems to be quite rigid and inflexible because it says that terrorism happens only because of political purposes by the non-state actors. In fact, terrorism does not always take place due to political purposes; for instance, these days, countries themselves want to get rid of terrorism that is overwhelming them and worsening their relationships with other countries. There is no doubt that non-state actors are mostly involved in terrorism, but they usually do so for purposes such as, smuggling, harassing the legal authorities who try to resist them, and certain mafias or groups who want to take revenge of any injustice done to them before or being done. Secondly, the definition does not highlight the idea about the innocent people or victims. Terrorism for political purposes means that riots or revenges are taken for their own sake, purpose, and benefit. The global definition that I propose is that ‘any unlawful or illegal act done to hurt, damage, or overwhelm the party who is innocent and was not involved in any conspiracy or threatening act against the party who is hurting them’. See more: introduction paragraph example Answer – 2 Just war theory proposes the idea that lies between permissivism and pacifism. Permissivism suggests using arms as many as wanted and as the way the armed forces want to; whereas, pacifism says not to use arms against civilians or innocent people but to kill those who deserve to be killed. Therefore, just war theory says that war must be fought when it is fair or when there is a reason to be fought with the enemies or for a legitimate cause (Wilson, 2006). There are certain limitations of this theory such as, it does not define what a ‘legitimate’ cause actually is and when is it just or fair to attack the enemy (mtholyoke.edu, n.d). Therefore, countries or parties always think of their own interest and consider their cause as a legitimate one and considerable to attack the enemy, even they may be wrong at their side. Moreover, not killing civilians is just a saying; armed forces often kill and harass the civilians such as, kidnapping them, and smuggling them, etc. So, f rom here, the desire to take revenge arises in the other party and the issue never resolves, in fact it goes on. I think the idea of just war theory must be reconceptualized. Answer – 3 The recent military action against Afghanistan does not fit on the concept of just war theory because the American started the raid against them without having solid evidence against them. Moreover, they did not only killed the Afghan terrorists, but also took lives of thousands of innocent people including children, women, and aged ones. They brutally destroyed their houses, properties, lands, lives, and everything.

First Persian Gulf War: 1990-1991 Essay -- history

First Persian Gulf War: 1990-1991 The First Persian Gulf War between 1990 and 1991 was the most militarily efficient campaign in US history where comparatively few lives were lost. This war accomplished many goals, including that it secured the economic advantages for the â€Å"Western World†. It encouraged a free flow of natural resources, established the value of air power and superiority, and verified that a free alliance for justice will prevail over armed aggression. In the end, the United State’s goals were accomplished: Kuwait was liberated from Saddam and peace settled into the Middle East (Rayment). The Soviet Union attacked Afghanistan on December 27, 1979. This posed a threat on the United States because of their oil ties in this area. On January 23, 1980 President Jimmy Carter responded with a statement called the Carter Doctrine. In this, Carter stated that, â€Å"An attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force.† (Richie, 25). Ten years later, United States officials were reminded of the Doctrine as signs of an Iraqi invasion of Kuwait by Saddam Hussein began to appear. With a portion of the world’s oil of eleven percent, this invasion would add another nine percent. Not only was this dangerous but if Iraq continued a southern advance, he would gain the oil of Saudi Arabia. Saddam could possibly control forty-six percent of the world’s oil supply and manipulate the global economy (Richie, 25). On July 17, 1990, photos from a KH-11 spy satellite showed that Iraqi military equipment was being positioned near the Kuwait border .General Colin Powell was not concerned with this advancement because the lineup did not include necessary equipment such as fuel trucks and artillery that would be needed for an invasion. Powell believed that this was just a practice exercise or a bluff because Saddam had been pressing Kuwait to lower the oil production in order to keep the prices high (Richie, 26). Kuwait was a small country that had once been part of the Ottoman Empire like Iraq. Then Kuwait had become a British Protectorate from which it had been granted its independence. Its borders had been set in a subjective manner causing it to be difficult to de... ...s pride, and possibly his life. Saddam and his troops were not the only ones to have made faults (Marshel). Had the United States carried out their task, Saddam would not have repressed his own people, violated peace agreements and worked on weapons of mass destruction (Rayment). The United States was able to keep Saddam from succeeding in his attempt to conquer the Middle East eight years ago, but they stopped when they should have pursued the most (Marshel). Without the errors that both sides had made, the present day world would have been affected in a completely different way. Works Cited Allen, Thomas B., et al. War in the Gulf. Atlanta, Georgia: Turner Pub., 1991. Bush, George. â€Å"Persian Gulf War.† Annals of American History. 3 Mar. 2004 "Desert Storm 1: 1990-1991." Gulf War. 2003. 3 Mar. 2004 . Lee, Roger A. â€Å"The Persian Gulf War (1990-1991).† The History Guy. 14 Aug. 2001. 3 Mar. 2004 Marshel, Jim. "Mistakes of the Gulf War." Unpublished essay, 13 Mar. 1998. 3 Mar. 2004 . Rayment, W. J. The Gulf War. 2004. 3 Mar. 2004 . Richie, Jason. â€Å"Persian Gulf War, 1991.† Iraq and the Fall of Saddam Hussein. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Oliver Press, 2003.

Bad Grades Equals No Driver’s License Essay

Imagine if you were in high school and you weren’t the brightest student, which resulted in bad grades, and then there was a policy made where you couldn’t even get your driver’s license until your grades got up and stayed up. This is a policy that is being debated on by some legislators who think it’s a good policy and some who don’t think it’s such a good policy. I would be siding with the legislators who don’t think it’s a good policy. It’s not a good policy because I feel like it’s not really the legislators place. Also, students would be getting good grades for the wrong reasons. Lastly, someone’s academic in school doesn’t have anything to do with the ability to drive. Legislators trying to make a policy, that teenagers should be required to maintain a â€Å"C† average in school before receiving a driver’s license is a bad idea. I feel that it isn’t really the legislators place to decide that only kids with good grades get their driver’s license. It’s only the parents/ guardians place to decide if their own child should get their driver’s license or not. It would almost be taking some freedom away, because parents/guardians can raise their children however they want, that isn’t illegal of course, but if legislators pass this policy, that’s something parents don’t have a say in when raising their children. Some parents may want their teen to have their driver’s license even if the teen doesn’t have good grades. Some may not, but it’s the parents’ choice. An example is if the parent needed the teen to be able to drive around and do errands for them because the parent is too busy but their grades aren’t to the policy’s requirements, then the teen wouldn’t be able to help their parents out because there’s a policy against teens getting their license while having bad grades. Also, if the parent had become temporarily or even permanently disabled and couldn’t drive but needed to be chauffeured places by their teen who is old enough to have a license but isn’t allowed to because of his grades. Situations like the examples are reasons why the policy is a bad idea. Parents should have a right to make the decision not the legislators. If this policy were to be passed students would be getting good grades for the wrong reasons. Teens wouldn’t be trying to get good grades for their future; they’ll be doing it because they want to be able to receive the driver’s license. They’d forget all about what good grades does for them in their career life, because they’d be so focused on maintaining their grades for the driving privileges. Also, it’s almost similar to bribing teens into getting good grades, instead of encouraging them to so they’ll have a brighter future. Once they get out of high school they’ll have the instinct to only get things done if they get something in return. That isn’t the best instinct to live by because it’ll cause them to not do certain not-so-pleasant things when they get to college or the real world like go grocery shopping, paying their student loans, or even doing their work in college because they’ll be expecting something material in return, all because they grew accustomed to only doing the things you need to when you’re getting something in return. Someone that is for this policy would most likely argue that a student with good grades would lead to better drivers on the road. If the student is truly trying to get good grades then they are getting smarter and when they’re ready to drive they’ll make smarter decisions on the road. Statistics show that, †In 2005, 46% of U.S. 12th-grade students scored â€Å"below basic† on the NAEP (National Assessment of Educational Progress) National science scale 18% scored â€Å"proficient† or above, and 2% scored â€Å"advanced†Ã¢â‚¬ ( Agus, Jessica.). This statistic proves how not many students are doing as good, considering the majority of them scored â€Å"below basics†. However, if we were to pass the policy then the score would most likely rise because students would be working harder in school and doing what they need to do. It could possibly give the student a better comprehension level and decision making level, so when they do begin dr iving the people around them along with themselves will be safer. However, their argument would be invalid considering that students’ grades/ intelligence level and their driving skills don’t have anything to do with the other. If students are getting good grades in school it doesn’t necessarily mean that their driving skills are going to be equal with the intelligence level. Besides, in an article it reads that, â€Å"The mean grade point average for female high school graduates was 3.10 in 2009, .33 higher than the average GPA for young women in 1990. The average GPA for male high school graduates over the same period rose .31 points to 2.90.† and that, â€Å"Some say this means American high schools are churning out smarter, harder-working students.†( U.S. News). This evidence proves that the policy that students should have good grades before they can receive their license is unnecessary because students are already doing better grade wise. I can’t say myself for a fact that teens driving skills are bet ter, but I can say in an opinion that it probably hasn’t changed. I believe that the policy isn’t needed for teens to do better in school because students are doing it themselves without the bribing. Legislators’ deciding to make a policy, that teenagers should be required to have a â€Å"C† grade average in school before being able to receive a driver’s license isn’t a bright idea. It isn’t the legislators place to decide that only kids with good grades get their driver’s license. Also, if a policy like this were to be passed students would be getting good grades for the wrong reasons. They should get good grades to have a better career future not to have a driver’s license. Lastly, students’ grades/ intelligence level and driving skills don’t have anything to do with the other. I believe that a policy like this could probably mess up a students’ future, therefore, legislators should give up the policy before they give students the wrong idea of success. U.S. News Staff. â€Å"Average High School GPAs Increased since 1990.† US News. U.S.News & World Report, 19 Apr. 2011. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. . Agus, Jessica. â€Å"High School Student Achievement.† High Schools in the United States. National High School Center at AIR, Dec. 2010. Web. 25 Sept. 2013. .

Computer Networks And Internet Protocol Television Essay

The advent of computer has changed the way the world moves. Distance factor is no longer a problem. The physical might appear a big place with things at far off places but the world in virtual form doesn’t believe in distance. Everything can be achieved within minutes if not seconds. The whole technology behind this mega change is based on computer and is termed as Information Technology. This technology has led to the creation of a cyber world or electronically generated world with the help of computers connected to each other through suitable wires. Now words like cybercafe, cyber chat, cyberspace, cyber shopping, etc. have started making rounds. People can send electronic mails to far off places within seconds. Details and information are getting transferred within few seconds. People in Shanghai and New York are just seconds away. Transferring data in electronic form is actually the fastest way to transfer things. It’s not only the message transfer that has been revolutionized but also the business world. There are virtual shopping malls with website offering you a range of products ranging from computer peripherals to groceries. Companies are now providing details of their product through their website and are accepting customers’ requests of information and now even orders for products are being accepted. Everything is available. Money transfer can easily be done through wire transfer techniques. People do not wait. This world is not ruled by armed soldiers or any nuclear weapon. It’s the information which rules. The physical world just has to react on the outcome. Its role is just for receiving and sending. This high performing virtual world has made significant change in the performance of the actual world (Tanenbaum, 2003). Things in real world are now easier to comprehend. Outsourcing has helped in accessing low cost labor in far off Asian nations like India and China. Multinational companies like Microsoft, IBM, GM. , GE etc. have offices in almost in each part of the world with performance of each of these units can be monitored from any of its offices. Their offices have been networked though LANs i. e. , Local Area Network and WANs i. e. , Wide Area Network. They have virtually made themselves available to their customers any time anywhere and just a click away (Tanenbaum, 2003). 2. Computer System & Network of computers A computer system and network of computers are actually two different but interrelated things. A computer system is just a normal computer including peripherals and software necessary for the functioning of the device (Webopedia). But if we talk of Computer Network, it can be defined in a very simple way as a network of computers (Princeton). But giving full importance to all factors getting into act when we talk about network, the definition which actually makes complete sense is none other than the two or more computers connected together to share hardware, software and data and has been implemented according to some topology (Tanenbaum, 2003). The network can have all peripherals located within an office or building. This arrangement is often termed as Local Area Network or LAN (Tech, 2006). If the same is achieved in a wide area i. e. , computers connected to the network are located at places as diverse as countries in different continents, we can call the same as Wide Area Network or WAN (Cisco, 2006). Calling all computers and other intelligent parts of it as nodes, the term network topology can be defined as patterns of links connecting a pair of nodes of a network. 3. Internet Protocol & IPTV Technology related television services which include uplink and transmission has seen some of very revolutionary inventions of modern science. The television delivery system has now moved from terrestrial transmission through analog signals to encrypted digital signals through internet as well as IPTV (Anderson, 2006). The entertainment world through television is now very much eager to move from TV being delivered through cable to Internet Protocol Television with content being viewed through technologies used for computer networks (Lu, 2006). The last decade of the 20th century witnessed the massive growth in Internet Protocol based services. Now with the fast development of hardware and software technologies, this internet world has now developed to accommodate services like VoIP and many other telecom products (Wikipedia, 2007). It is a system which delivers digital television services to registered subscribers in a managed network with address based technology. The unique IP address of a subscriber provides him a virtual address over a network and creates a connection between the service provider and the television (Wikipedia, 2007). 4. Television through IPTV: a new experience IPTV is going to give the most electrifying experience to its subscribers. It’s not just seamless TV viewing but also more interactive and personalized. Things like participation in a game show or any discussion board will only require the use of the remote while sitting on the couch. Now the user will not feel being bombarded with a long list of channels rather get a very creative option to receive them with a much richer experience (International Engineering Consortium, 2007). The two-way signal broadcasting system through the network over which IPTV depends, allows the viewers to make selection that too on demand with time shift option. The additional services which can also be incorporated with IPTV are the Web Browsing i. e. surfing the internet, gaming with a game console with the current system and finally the communication applications which can enable email, MMS, Chat, etc (Telecom Italia, 2006). Figure 1 (IPTV delivery Infrastructure) The Set-Top Box which has made this IPTV happen which at one end is connected to the TV set while the other end to an ADSL connection can easily be made to supply Broadcast TV services (BTV) as well as Video On Demand (VOD) services. This BTV facilitates the simultaneous reception by the users of a traditional TV channel. And using multicasting protocols IPTV can make available services which are similar to experiences of a traditional TV like Free-to-air or Pay TV or a Pay-Per-view service (Luarel Networks). The same IPTV can be used by service providers to provide the VOD service which is made available on request. The VOD service requires implementation through IP unicast protocols (Ericsson, 2006). The enhanced IPTV can also make Personal Video Recorder (PVR) services available. The local PVR makes way for video-recording on the STB hard-disk with another set of functions for live, pause and replay. Similarly the Network-based PVR stores the data on the operator’s server which is generally used for VOD (International Engineering Consortium, 2007). On technological point, the IPTV makes way for better utilization of available infrastructure like the bandwidth. Traditional transmission technology actually sends more than hundred channels simultaneously while the IPTV requires just one channel to be sent to the subscriber at a time. Every time the user selects a channel or a program, a new streaming takes place with data related to the newly selected channel (Anderson, 2006). 5. IPTV: More Advantages, More services & More Business The IPTV will lead to a very new level of interactivity among Internet and data mainly as voice and video. A cable based TV network beams data in form of video mostly in MPEG format through an explicit bandwidth portion while the internet which enables high speed data transfer works on an IP based network and the data transfer is based on packets rather than streams. Both the technologies are technically very different. This IPTV is an amalgam of both the successful technologies. Being a data-centric application, the packets over this network can deliver both video as well as data (International Engineering Consortium, 2007). Figure 2: Telecommunications IPTV system solution The traditional cable network is often overloaded with more than 100 channels being transmitted simultaneously. So there is a limitation of maximum number of channels that can be made available to the subscriber. IPTV has a very clear advantage (Times News Network, 2006). Theoretically this technology can make almost infinite number of channels at the customer’s disposal. The transmission line actually transmitted a single channel which has been demanded by the customer. So the infrastructure usage per customer is negligible while opening a new era of almost every channel on the planet being made available to the user. The IP technology being a packet based product requires an acknowledgement to be sent to the source for every packet. This ensures that every packet sent by the source should remain intact and any loss of data will require resending of the same packet. This feature ensures very high quality of the product which the subscriber will receive (Anderson, 2006). The advantages associated to IPTV is not just conventional entertainment and advertisement based business but the technology can have its usage in developing new products which can make way to many other forms of businesses. The web based training is one of the many other possibilities. The IPTV network can be used to run different courses by making the videos of the classes available to the registered students (International Engineering Consortium, 2007). IPTV is the next big thing after telecom and internet. The business possibilities associated with this technology is almost as broad as the human thought. Almost all telecom companies are putting big money in exploration and marketing of this product (Blau, 2005). The business network and the corporate LAN’s may be greatest beneficiary with the delivery of videos and television content. The customized content delivery and the extremely secure network will reduce the theft cases to negligible. Customization facility will help the advertisers to understand the behavior of consumers and then will go for personalized ads that will translate into significant business returns (Iyer, 2005). 6. Conclusion The IPTV is going to be the next big thing in communication and media industry. With money pouring inform all big telecom companies IPTV is going to be a very serious business with entertainment becoming more and more customizable. The subscriber will experience a very different medium of entertainment with highest level of interactivity and almost innumerable possible services that too very much on his own wishes. 7. Bibliography Anderson, N. (2006) An introduction to IPTV. Available from http://arstechnica. com/guides/other/iptv. ars [Accessed 10 October 2007] Blau, J. (2005) Internet TV: Still Fuzzy, but Promising. IDG News ServiceAvailable from http://www. pcworld. com/news/article/0,aid,122138,00. asp [Accessed 10 October 2007] Cisco Systems, 2006. Wide Area Network. http://www. cisco. com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/introwan. htm [Accessed 10 October 2007]

20 Names of Body Parts and Elements and Their Figurative Meanings

20 Names of Body Parts and Elements and Their Figurative Meanings 20 Names of Body Parts and Elements and Their Figurative Meanings 20 Names of Body Parts and Elements and Their Figurative Meanings By Mark Nichol In past weeks, I’ve compiled lists of figurative meanings of the names of sense organs, parts of the head, and parts of the hand. Here’s a roster in which I’ve accumulated such references for other parts and elements of the body. 1. Arm: something resembling an arm in form and/or function, a part of a garment covering the arm, might or power or ability, a component or division, or support 2. Blood: refers to kinship or lineage, or to a quality intrinsic to someone because it’s supposedly a hereditary trait, or to bloodshed; as a verb, refers to providing a hound with a scented object to prompt a hunt, or to introducing to bloodshed or killing 3. Bone: the core, essence, or heart of something, or the design or framework of a composition, or a subject (usually in the idiom â€Å"bone of contention†) or an inclination or talent or, more often, the lack thereof (â€Å"I don’t have an artistic bone in my body†), or something intended to placate (â€Å"Throw him a bone†) 4. Breast: the location of emotion, something resembling a breast, or part of a garment that covers the literal breast (the sometimes-synonym chest first referred to a box and then was applied, by association, to the section of the body) 5. Foot: something resembling a foot in form and/or function, a lower or opposite end or edge or the bottom of something, a standard length, a unit of meter in verse, or a step or speed 6. Heart: courage or fortitude or persistence, affection or compassion or feelings, the center or essential or vital part of something, or a stylized representation of the organ, or one or more playing cards featuring such a symbol or a card game focusing on this suit 7. Hip: an angle of an intersection of parts of a roof 8. Intestine: the phrase â€Å"intestinal fortitude,† describing courage, derives from the association of the intestines with bravery (compare the informal synonym guts) 9. Leg: a limblike component, the part of an article of clothing or footwear that covers the leg, part of a journey or race, or one competition among several similar events, or long-term appeal or interest 10. Liver: a grayish and reddish brown, and seen in the expression â€Å"lily livered,† meaning â€Å"cowardly† 11. Lungs: a respiratory aid or device, or a variation of the literal meaning referring to someone’s capacity for producing loud sounds 12. Muscle: physical force, especially for intimidation or persuasion; as a verb, to infiltrate (often in the phrase â€Å"muscle in†) 13. Neck: a geographical or structural feature resembling a neck, or a narrow margin (as in the finish of a race), or, informally, a part or region; as a verb, to narrow, or to caress and kiss passionately 14. Shoulder: the side of an artificial or natural structure, as the shoulder of a road or of a mountain; as a verb, to push aside, or to bear, as with responsibility 15. Stomach: courage or fortitude, or desire or inclination, or appetite; in verb form, to put up with or withstand 16. Torso: an artistic representation of the human trunk, or something incomplete or damaged 17. Vein: a channel of water or a bed of mineral in rock or ice, or a quality or style, or an aptitude or mood 18: Viscera: in the adjectival form, visceral, corresponds to the adjective gut (for example, â€Å"gut feeling†), meaning â€Å"instinctive† (as in â€Å"She had a visceral sense that she was in danger†); alternatively, it means â€Å"earthy† (â€Å"The movie has a visceral tone, with its coarse characters and rough action†) 19. Waist: something resembling a waist in form and/or function (as part of an aircraft or marine vessel), an article (or part of an article) of clothing worn on or around the waist, or a line around the waist or a measurement of the line 20. Womb: a space resembling a womb in form and/or function, or the literal or figurative birthplace of an idea, product, or other physical or intellectual creation Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Inquire vs EnquireCapitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and MovementsParataxis and Hypotaxis

Effective Classroom Policies and Procedures

Effective Classroom Policies and Procedures   In order for your classroom to run smoothly you will need to write your own policies and procedures handbook. This handy guide will help you and your students (and parents) know exactly what you expect of them. Here are a few examples of the types of things that you can put into your classroom policies and procedures handbook. Birthdays Birthdays will be celebrated in the classroom. However, in order to ensure the safety of all students in the classroom and throughout the school with life-treating allergies, no food products may be sent in that include peanuts or tree nuts. You may send in non-food items as well such as stickers, pencils, erasers, small grab bags, etc. Book Orders A Scholastic book order flyer will be sent home each month and payments must be received by the date attached to the flyer in order to ensure the order will get out on time. If you wish to place an order online, you will be given a class code to do so. Class DoJo Class DoJo is an online behavior management/classroom communication website. Students will have the opportunity to earn points throughout the day for modeling positive behavior. Each month students can redeem the points earned for various rewards. Parents have the option to download the app which will allow you to receive instant notifications and messages throughout the school day. Communication Building and maintaining a partnership between home and school is essential. Parent communication will be weekly through notes home, emails, a weekly newsletter, on Class Dojo, or on the class website. Fun Friday Each Friday, students who have turned in all their work will earn the chance to participate in â€Å"Fun Friday† activities in our classroom.   A student who has not completed all homework or classwork will not participate, and will go to another classroom to catch up on incomplete assignments. Homework All assigned homework will be sent home in a take-home folder each night. A list of spelling words will be sent home each Monday and will be tested on Friday. Students will also receive a math, language arts, or other homework sheet each night as well. All homework must be turned in the following day unless stated otherwise. There will be no homework on the weekends, only Monday-Thursday. Newsletter Our newsletter will be sent home every Friday.   This newsletter will keep you updated on what is happening at school. You can also find a copy of this newsletter on the class website. Please refer to this newsletter for any weekly and monthly classroom and school-wide information. Parent Volunteers Parent volunteers are always welcome in the classroom, regardless of the age of the students. If parents or family members are interested in helping out on special occasions or would like to donate any school supplies or classroom items, then there will be a sign-up sheet in the classroom, as well as on the classroom website. Reading Logs Reading is an essential and necessary skill to practice each night in order to achieve success in all content areas. Students are expected to read on a daily basis. Each month students will receive a reading log to track the amount of time spent at home reading. Please sign the log each week and it will be collected at the end of the month. You can find this reading log attached to your childs take home folder. Snack Please send in a healthy snack each day with your child. This peanut/tree nut free snack can be anything from goldfish, animal crackers, fruit, or pretzels, to vegetables, veggie sticks, or anything else that you can think of that is healthy and quick. Water Bottles Students are encouraged to bring in a water bottle (filled with only water, not anything else) and keep it at their desk. Students need to be well hydrated in order to remain focused throughout the school day. Website Our class has a website. Many forms can be downloaded from it, and there is much classroom information to be found on it. Please refer to this website for any missed homework assignments, classroom pictures, or any further information.

The world I live in Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The world I live in - Research Paper Example The punishment by death, awarded in this case, corresponds to Aristotle’s ethical philosophy, which suggests that justice takes place when â€Å"all agents deserve equal concern of justice, in the quest to ensure that all agents get what they deserve and agents do not get what they do not deserve† (Aikin, para.34). It only appears ethically reasonable that a person who inflicts severe pain on another human being and takes away her life, deserves to die for that crime because such individuals may repeat the crime and become a threat to the society, if not dealt with severely. Danette Elg, a 31 year old lady was cruelly murdered in her residence during July 1984 by Richard A Leavitt. The offender had stabbed her multiple times and cut off her sexual organs. The victim’s body was discovered days after her murder and was identified for police by her murderer. He was not arrested until December 1984, for the crime. Leavitts trial started on September 12, 1985 and Seventh District Judge, H Reynold George sentenced him to death, considering the extreme cruelty inflicted to the victim. The judge noted that the crime was monstrous, dreadful and cruel. Leavitt’s death warrant was issued and executed on June 6, 2012 by lethal injection, 28 years after committing the murder. There can be both ethical and unethical issue involved in punishing an offender by the award of death penalty. In most cases, sometimes the judge may tend to ignore some of the ethical aspects and punish the offender without properly taking into consideration all the circumstances that led to the culmination of the crime. However, in the instant case, the Judge’s decision to execute Richard Leavitt appears ethical as the crime he had committed is gruesome, barbaric and extremely threatening to women as a whole. He wounded Danette Jean Elg â€Å"repeatedly with exceptional force, and had cut out her sexual organs† (Boone, para. 16). The

Transformational Leadership According to Bennis and Nanus Research Paper

Transformational Leadership According to Bennis and Nanus - Research Paper Example In 1985, Bennis and Nanus conducted a research on transformational leadership. Their research resulted in fresh and significant findings on what transformational leadership is (McKee, Driscoll, Kelloway, & Kelley, 2011). This research paper gives a critical analysis and research-based discussion on what transformational leadership is in accordance to the postulates of the study by Bennis and Nanus. The paper will specifically focus on transformational leadership within health care systems and the management of health care professionals. Bennis and Nanus Research on Transformational Leadership Bennis and Nanus noticed that corporations used quantifiable criteria to judge and evaluate their leaders and executives. These criteria included the technical competence of an executive, conceptual skills, people skills, track record, character, judgment and taste. In accordance to Bennis and Nanus, leadership competencies cannot be quantified (Trofino, 2008). In this regard, they conducted a r esearch in large corporations and organizations that were undergoing significant transformation. This is due to the fact that positive transformation is equated to good leadership (Simola, Barling, & Turner, 2012). Through their research, Bennis and Nanus revealed that in addition to the aforementioned criteria of judging effectiveness in a leader, there were additional attributes among transformational leaders. These characteristics contributed to the effectiveness of transformational leaders in motivating change within the organizations which they led (Salter, Green, Duncan, Berre, & Torti, 2010). Four main leadership attributes were identified among leaders in transforming organizations as described below. According to the investigation of Bennis and Nanus, the first and major attribute of leaders within transforming organizations is vision (McKee, Driscoll, Kelloway, & Kelley, 2011). Transformational leaders are visionaries. This means that they have a clear and specific vision. These leaders, therefore, had a picture of the state of their organization at a specified future date. In this regard, transformational leaders are motivated by the need to drive the organization to the envisioned state (Nazari & Emami, 2012). These leaders realize that it is through their employees or followers that the vision can be achieved and, as a result, they communicate clearly what goals they must work to achieve (Thompson, 2012). In health care delivery systems, transformational leadership is, therefore, an approach or style to leadership which motivates healthcare professionals towards achievement of a specified vision. For example, transformational leaders within health care organizations would envision the growth of the health system that will entail the application of modern technologies in care. In this regard, the transformational leaders will ensure that the culture of care providers is changed so that they will accept the implemented technologies. This includes th eir willingness to attend training programs that will equip them with skills and knowledge of applying technology in care. More specifically,

The business of water Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The business of water - Essay Example Investopedia defines it as a corporate proposal to both assess and take blame for effect of company’s activities on social welfare and environment. This term usually applies to the efforts made by a company that steer away further and may be needed by environment protection groups and regulators. The Corporate social responsibility may also be known as â€Å"corporate citizenship† and can take into account sustaining short-term costs that do not give a direct financial gain to company but foster positive environmental and social change (Investopedia, 2013). Most of the companies enjoy immense power in community and national economy. They organize many of their assets and have billions of dollars at their disposal for social investments for the purpose of corporate social responsibility. ... The aims of this assignment are to critically assess various theories pertaining corporate social responsibility based on CSR four part model in accordance with Business of water case; and to critically evaluate the affect of demand and supply of water on corporate social responsibility initiatives such as Partnership agreements as mentioned in the case (Investopedia, 2013). Task 1 In 1979, Carroll classified Corporate Social Responsibility in a paper on performance of corporate culture in which he gave out four theories of corporate social responsibility: legal, ethical, discretionary, and economic. These four layers show that business history gives a premature emphasis on legal and economic aspects first and then on discretionary and ethical aspects of CSR. In 1991, he first presented this model of CSR in the form of a pyramid as the following figure represents. It was proposed that even though all the components are not found to be mutually exclusive, it assists the manager to vis ualize the varying kinds of duties which are in relevance to each other (CSRQuest, 2013). (CSRQuest, 2013) In 2004, Carroll tried to take into consideration the stakeholders’ viewpoint. Economic responsibility holds the idea that one should do what global capitalism asks him to go. Legal responsibilities contain that company’s usually only do what global stakeholders want them to do. Ethical responsibility says that do what global stakeholders expect you to do. The philanthropic responsibility however believes that do what global stakeholders require you to do. This was the overall emphasis by Carroll (CSRQuest, 2013). This four-part model of CSR has been immensely cited and used in literature. Some reasons